Supplement Label Index

Cupric Oxide vs. Copper Sulfate

Among 3,989 on-market copper products with an identifiable primary form, 12% use Cupric Oxide (478 products) and 8.4% use Copper Sulfate (336).

Cupric OxideCopper Sulfate
Quality tierTier 3Tier 2
Copper by weight79.9%25.4%
Share of market12%8.4%
On-market products478336
Median declared dose2,000 elemental mcg
middle half: 1,600–2,000
1,650 elemental mcg
middle half: 900–2,000
Most common brandsGNC Women's Ultra Mega, GNC Mega Men, Vitamin WorldNature's Way, 21st Century, GNC Women's Ultra Mega

Doses are declared per serving in elemental mcg. “By weight” is the share of the ingredient that is the nutrient itself (e.g. elemental magnesium in a magnesium salt).

Why Cupric Oxide is tier 3

Provides essentially no bioavailable copper relative to CuSO4 per chick/rat data.

Source: Baker DH. 1999, J Nutr 129:2278-9, PMID 10573563

Why Copper Sulfate is tier 2

Used as the reference/comparator form in most animal copper-bioavailability research; highly soluble but not shown superior to organic/chelated forms.

Source: animal comparator evidence, PMID 7883634, not a human RCT

Tiers summarize published comparative bioavailability or outcome evidence for each form (see methodology). This page describes the market; it is not a recommendation to take either form. Talk to a clinician about what's right for you.

Other copper comparisons